Alpha Lipoic Acid is a naturally occurring anti-oxidant that can be found naturally in meats and vegatables such as spinach. Its primary function is liver support and is integral in producing glutathione. Glutathione is an important liver enzyme that dissolves toxic substances that the liver filters out. In its antioxidant role, Alpha-Lipoic acid binds to free radicals and prevents them from destroying or damaging cells. Alpha-Lipoic acid helps vitamins C and E work more efficiently and in supplement form is included because it helps encourage liver detoxification. People with diabetes or hyperglycaemia benefit from Alpha-Lipoic acid as well as those with high cholesterol or hardening of the arteries.

Amino-Glucose-Palmers are used to help protect and make amino acid groups more bio available. A lab will make an Amino-Glucose-Palmers by binding an amino acid to a glucose, or sugar molecule. The body sees this and takes in the glucose molecule and breaks off the Amino acid, placing it directly in the blood stream. Many amino acids are unstable or have the potential to be unstable. By binding a sugar molecule to the amino acid, it helps protect the amino acid from breaking down and making the supplement it is included in become less effective.

Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate is an excellent body building supplement that helps in reducing body fat and in building up the immune system. It assists the metabolism of nitric oxides and increases the blood flow and oxygen to various parts of the body and carries nutrients to the skeletal muscles. As a result, the performance and physique of an individual are improved without excessive dieting or using drugs. Many athletes use it to improve their strength and muscle mass. It increases the secretion of insulin and growth hormones and is known to improve the growth rate in children. It is effective in treating people with burns, wounds and those recovering from a surgery. Patients suffering from trauma and malnutrition have been known to benefit from it.

Arginine Malate is a lab created compound that takes a couple amino acid groups and bind them to a malic acid. This compound is also known as nitrous malate, because arginine malate helps stimulate the production of nitrous oxide by the body. Nitrous oxide improves athletic performance by improving blood flow through opening blood vessels. By boosting blood flow, other supplements are more effective not to mention the person feeling better. The improvements in blood flow, as well as the increased efficacy of other supplements leads to improved strength and quicker recovery time after exercise. Malic acid is also beneficial and is found naturally in apples.

Biotin is required for the fatty acids and glucose formation so that essential energy is produced. Biotin also assists in the metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Biotin is available in food naturally and the dietary sources of biotin comprise of brewer’s yeast, cauliflower, bananas, egg yolks, salmon, liver, sardines, mushrooms and legumes. The deficiency of biotin is uncommon. The other possibilities for having biotin as deficiency is genetic biotin deficiency, surgical stomach removal, excessive consumption of alcohol and infant dermatitis. Biotin deficiency leads to hair loss, skin rash, heart problems and high cholesterol. Biotin supplements are effective for eczema, acne, diaper rash, brittle nails and hair loss. People having a history of seizures should avoid using biotin. This is a B vitamin that helps in converting food to energy. It is mandatory that minimum 30 mg is taken daily as there are adequate health benefits. Normal biotin intake strengthens fingernails and also controls blood sugar levels.

Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid that has a psychoactive stimulant effect. It may be found in many plant species but the main source of caffeine is coffee or cocoa bean. It is a potent stimulant that causes the heart rate to increase, muscles to tighten up, and the pupils to dilate. It activates the adrenaline that gives a boost of energy. It also reduces the symptoms of asthma. It helps open up the airways for ease of breathing. It increases the metabolism and breaks down fats. It also helps increase muscle strength. It also prevents chronic fatigue syndrome. Caffeine helps ease headache. It also reduces the risk of diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, and colon cancer.

Cinnulin is extracted from cinnamomum burmannii and is helpful for type II diabetes and weight loss. Studies show that cinnulin increases lean body mass and helps in reduction in body fat. It is used by people who are obese or who want to loose weight. Cinnulin can also be extracted from cinnamomum zeylanicum and cinnamomi cassia. Cinnulin, a water extract of cinnamon has become popular as it promotes healthy blood glucose levels. It ensures healthy glucose metabolism by utilizing the insulin in body more effectively. According to USDA studies cinnamon promotes healthy cholesterol levels in type II diabetes. Cinnulin is widely used by diabetic and obese patients.

Citrulline Alpha Ketoglutarate is a nonessential amino acid. It supports the body through its conversion to L-arginine and then nitric oxide. Nitric oxide is important for the regulation of blood flow. Low levels of nitric oxide results in mental and physical fatigue and sexual dysfunction. L-Citrulline is useful in combating fatigue, enhancing ammonia detoxification in the liver minimizing cell damage and in optimizing blood flow through conversion to L-arginine.

Citrulline Malate is a mixture of the organic salt malate and amino acid citrulline. The inimitable combination provides athletes a potential way to perk up performance, postpone muscle fatigue, and speed up recovery. Citrulline Malate is helpful for everyone taking part in high-intensity workouts, along with cyclists, strength athletes, bodybuilders and some runners. Citrulline helps in the confiscation of endotoxins like ammonia and lactic acid, which can weaken exercise performance. These endotoxins are generated due to extreme physical activity, catabolic states and protein metabolism.

D-Pinitol is found in the leaves of a plant called Bougainvillea spectabilis. It is a form of B vitamin inositol. D-Pinitol is widely used for its property of acting like insulin. It is used by diabetic patients as it does not add calories when consumed and is able to reduce blood glucose levels which are important for a diabetic patient. It is also used in treatment of neurological disorders, syndrome X and certain pre-diabetic conditions. It is used in sports nutrition as it improves glucose metabolism. This improves the storage of glycogen and helps increase energy levels, endurance and muscle mass. Because of their ability to increase muscle mass it’s widely taken by body builders and is also used to treat people suffering from muscle wastage.

Folic Acid- We know Folic acid by various names - Folate, Folacin, Pteroylglutamic acid, or just Vitamin B9. No matter what we call it, Folic acid is basically a B vitamin that helps the body to create healthy new cells. Folic acid is thus necessary for each one of us though pregnant women require it all the more. A woman who has a sufficient intake of folic acid both before and during pregnancy can protect the baby from major birth defects of the brain or spine. The best part about this vitamin is that it is readily available in fruits, dried beans, nuts, peas, cereals, grain products, and leafy green vegetables. It is however important to consume this vitamin regularly through proper diet. This is because folic acid being water soluble, it easily dissolves in water and the leftover vitamin is passed out through the urine.

Glucuronolactone is formed in the body by the liver and well known for its supply of energy and provides an increased feeling of well being in the body. It also improves time taken in reaction to different stimuli, improves memory and concentration power and overall grey cell performance. Glucuronolactone is a natural detoxifying agent that helps to get rid of harmful substances from the body by making them water soluble. Being an important component of most connective tissues in animals, Glucuronolactone supplements help in the cure of arthritis. Being a popular ingredient in most energy drinks, Glucuronolactone reduces sleepiness and driving mishaps that are sleep related. Rumors state that Glucuronolactone was initially banned by the US Government.

Glycocyamine is a compound that is produced when aminocetic acid binds with arginine but is naturally occuring in the human body through the liver. Commercially, glycocyamine is being marketed as a body supplement due to its ability to increase the production of creatine. Most consumers of glycocyamine products are athletes and gym buffs as a creatine substitute. This is because glycocyamine improves muscle mass. On the other hand, it is not recommended for people with epileptic conditions and should be taken only at dosages prescribed. Other names for glycocyamine are guanidinoacetate and guanidine-acetic acid.

Guanidinopropionic Acid (GPA) acid is deemed an analogue to creatine monohydrate and has commonly been used as an ingredient in nutritional supplement products targeting athletes and body building aficionados and containing creatine monohydrate. Guanidinopropionic acid is also believed to be mimicking the insulin function and the use is promoted as weight loss supplement and booster of the creatine uptake. Recent studies have emerged that seem to contradict this assertion, where GPA, short for guanidinopropionic acid, is viewed as a creatine antagonist and a potential toxin. While the propagators for the supplementation of the guanidinopropionic acid do not question the recent findings, they assert that in the particular viewpoint of the high energy athlete and the intake numbers of creatine, the creatine uptake disruption is insignificant and the protein damaging factor far below the potential benefits.

Gynostemma Pentaphyllum is also called twisting vine orchid, belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family and related to cucumbers, a herb and a vine that is native to south of China, south of Korea and also Japan. Jiaogulan, as Gynostemma pentaphyllum is more commonly known in the western world, has also been called the herb of immortality. Traditional Chinese medicine recognizes it already for several centuries, but it was primarily used locally in areas in the south of China. The province Guizhou, where jiaogulan is the most commonly source of local tea concoctions, named it the immortality herb because the locals who drank the tea statistically managed to live comparably longer. It is now referred to as southern ginseng, with properties ranging from antioxidant to adaptogen.

Histidine Alpha-Ketoglutarate

Ketoisocaproate Potassium (KIC-K) is a nutritional supplement product, designed to provide not only potassium, but also to act as an anti catabolic agent. It seems that the alpha ketoisocaproic acid is also a precursor to leucine, an essential alpha amino acid and a vital component of all buffer proteins. Potassium is important since it provides cations for proper neuron functioning, but also in the muscle contraction processes. Potassium is classified as an essential mineral micronutrient and is required to be supplied by any human diet. The Latin name for potassium is Kalium, a chemical element with the atomic number 19 in the periodic table and the symbol K. The public relations machinery had a field day with the product ketoisocaproate (KIC) and Potassium (K), naming the product simply KIC-K.

Kre-Alkalyn is known as buffered creatine, which reaches skeletal muscle tissue and then also acts as a stable creatine and doesn’t break into creatinine. It is usually in the form of power and is accepted as a natural supplement. Kre-Alkalyn is better then creatine monohydrate as it serves the same functions and benefits minus its side effects. The processing of PH level is higher in Kre-Alkalyn as compared to creatine monohydrate. Therefore rather than taking ten grams of creatine you could take one gram of Kre-Alkalyn. Its absorption power is also better then creatine. Kre-Alkalyn has several benefits namely faster muscle gain, improved nimbleness, increased energy and many more. More over, there is no retention of water and one will not feel dehydrated as it nullifies all the side effects of creatine.

L-Tyrosine is an amino acid taken to enhance the functions of the thyroid gland. It provides essential supplements to the body for fighting serious ailments. L-Tyrosine is a natural cure mainly for hypothyroidism and many other illnesses including protection of skin from the UV rays and depression. People suffering from hypothyroidism lack tyrosine and therefore do not respond to iodine supplements. Iodine supplements are of no use without tyrosine. Using L-tyrosine replaces vital amino acids which people having hypothyroidism lack. It produces thyroid hormones namely, norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine. L-tyrosine must be used by those who have a family history of under active thyroids and by those who have not got benefits from dieting efforts. L-tyrosine is taken in doses of 500mg 2 to 3 times everyday. People having high blood pressure must be cautious while taking this supplement.

Lipoic Acid is also sometimes referred to as alpha-lipoic acid. It is an amino acid that contains sulphur. Lipoic Acid occurs in every cell in the body that helps generate energy. It converts glucose into energy. It is also an effective antioxidant that prevents symptoms of vitamin E and vitamin C deficiency. It also helps neutralize harmful chemicals or toxins in the body. Unlike most antioxidants, Lipoic acid is able to function in both water and fatty tissues. It fights free radical damages that may cause heart problems and cancer. Lipoic Acid also helps in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy which may be caused by injury, chemotherapy, or nutritional deficiency.

Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) is a fatty acid essential for a variety of metabolic development. MCT, which stands for medium chain triglycerides, is used for curing patients suffering from mal-absorption syndromes or malnutrition. MCT are short in length does not need bile salts for digestion and the energy for utilization, storage and absorption. They are water-soluble and get absorbed quickly by the bloodstream and easily transported into the liver. Palm kernel oils and coconut oil are rich in MCT. Since only a tiny percent of it gets transformed into body fat, it aids weight loss provided the diet one consumes contains half the calories from MCT. Fatty acids present in MCT are known as medium chain fatty acids, some of them are capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid and lauric acid

Niacinamide, also known as Nicotinamide is water-soluble and usually found in Vitamin B3. It is normally seen in different dietary supplements as well as energy medications. One good thing about the Niacinamide is that compared to other water soluble vitamins, it does not contain any harmful effects such as flushing or even skin irritations. Niacinamide also has an anti-inflammatory property, because of this, Niacinamide is also being used to cure acne and other kinds of skin diseases. It can either be taken orally, or some kinds of medications include this in their formula as a topical cream or even as a topical gel.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide is a type of enzyme that is normally found in all living creatures – all creatures with living cells to be exact. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plays an important role when it comes to metabolism. It is responsible for accepting electrons from different molecules. Therefore, it serves as the one responsible for equally distributing the electrons and promotes better oxidation. Basically, without Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, the electrons coming from all the molecules might simply go somewhere else, and may cause a different kind of reaction to the body. Without it; there is even a great chance that the body system will not properly metabolize.

Taurine is an amino acid found within muscle tissue. It is the second most abundant amino acid found in the body.

Theophylline is a drug which belongs to the xanthine family. These substances are aromatic in nature and consist of a purine ring which is substituted with different chemical groups at different carbon positions to form different compounds chemically. In case of theophylline the purine ring has one methyl group substituted at carbon number 1 and 3 and one oxygen atom substituted at carbon number 6 and 2. Theophylline was originally extracted from tea leaves and was initially used to increase the rate of urination (diuresis); later it found more uses as a drug because of its effects on the respiratory and circulatory systems. However, it has many side effects; therefore, presently it is prescribed quite judiciously.

Trimethylglycine, which is also known as betaine, due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Tyrosine Alpha-Ketoglutarate

Vanadyl Sulfate, while nutritionally not deemed necessary, is a very common component of food supplements and body building products. This inorganic compound is believed to mimic to some extent the effects of insulin, which, among other things, controls the uptake of glucose and apparently vanadyl sulfate would thereby promote better energy delivery to the muscles. While most of the vanadyl sulfate currently being sold in nutritional supplements and drugs is won by extracting vanadium from petroleum residues, some providers profess other sources, such as eggs, radishes, oats, buckwheat and vegetable oil. While possible deployment of vanadyl sulfate as a treatment method for diabetes is still being researched, the body building community has embraced this supplement as an energy increasing, muscle toning aid towards a better workout.

Vinpocetine is available in capsule form. Vinpocetine has certain properties which helps move the right amount of blood to the brain from the body. It also enhances certain components of the body. The advantage of consuming this natural substance is it helps oxygen and blood flow to the brain, this helps overcome obstacles which form in the eyes. Many diagnosed with eye disorders that have an impact on the overall eyesight have successfully recovered after using this natural extract. It eliminates cognitive impairments which cause low metabolism, dangerous clots and memory loss. Ingestion of Vinpocetine seems to have a positive correlation with the healing of Tinnitus – the buzzing or ringing sensation in the ear, which is mainly caused due to the disruption of natural blood flow through the entire body. It greatly helps optimize your overall health conditions. Vinpocetine mainly contains the extract from the popular periwinkle plant.

Vitamin A is a vitamin is needed by the retina of our eye in the form of a specific metabolite, the light-absorbing molecule retinal. This molecule is absolutely necessary for both scotopic and color vision. It also palys an important role in mainating body health, such as skin health, bone metabolism and immune function. Vitamin A is also commercially produced and administered as esters such as retinyl acetate commonly called Vitamin A acetate. Its defeciency can cause blindness. Some other problems include impaired immunity, keratosis pilaris and squamous metaplasia of the epithelium lining the upper respiratory passages and urinary bladder to a keratinized epithelium.

Vitamin B1, or rather the Vitamin B complex, is a group of vitamins that are all soluble in water and very often coexist in food sources. While every single Vitamin from the B complex group has a name, they are very often referred to by the number added to the Vitamin B group name, like Vitamin B1, which is thiamine, or Vitamin B2, which is riboflavin. Some other compounds have been added to the Vitamin B group at some time, but were later dropped, like adenine, orotic acid or adenosine monophosphate, where later research found that they are either synthesized by the human body or simply no Vitamins. Vitamin B complex supports the metabolism rate, maintains muscle tone and skin, raises functions of the nervous system and the immune system, promotes red blood cells and cell growth and division and much more.

Vitamin B12 is a water soluble vitamin and is one of the 8 B vitamins. It has the chemical formula C63H88CoN14O14P. In the absence of Vitamin B12, the brain and the nervous system will not be able to function properly. It also plays a key role in the formation of blood. Vitamin B12 was discovered from its relation to the ailment pernicious anemia. Plants and animals are not capable of synthesizing VitaminB12; the enzymes required for this purpose are found only in bacteria. Vitamin B12 deficiency in human beings is due to its complex human physiology. It is available singly or in combination with other supplements.

Vitamin B2 is a water-soluble vitamin with no known toxic effects. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is necessary in the oxidative process of metabolism. It is also sometimes used to correct certain enzyme deficiencies and improve mental processes.

Vitamin B5 also known as Pantothenic Acid is a natural, inexpensive and safe form of curing acne. It is free from all negative side effects. It is best suited for people with oily skin as it stops the overproduction of oil within our body. It converts the carbohydrates and fats into energy effectively when synthesized with other Vitamin B. Additionally it also helps your body produce red blood cells and metabolizes fats. It plays a significant role in reducing physical and mental stress because it works along with the stress hormone producing adrenal gland. Pantothenic acid is present in all kinds of food and therefore our body gets sufficient amount of it. As it is impossible for our body to become deficient in pantothenic acid, there is no recommended daily amount of it. Eggs, whole grains and milk contain panthothenic acid in large numbers.

Vitamin B6, also known as Pyridoxine, plays an important role in the breakdown of protein, fats and carbohydrates. It helps in the production of antibodies that keeps the immune system strong. It promotes red blood cell (RBC) production. It alleviates the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome or PMS such as headaches, bloating, depression, mood swings, and abdominal pains. Vitamin B6 also prevents the development of kidney stones. It also helps reduce the build-up of homocystein in the vessels that may cause hearth attack. Vitamin B6 is also beneficial in the overall nerve health. It also prevents or decreases the susceptibility to develop carpal tunnel syndrome.

Vitamin C, also known as Ascorbic (a-SKOR-bik) acid, is needed for many functions in the body, including helping the body use carbohydrates, protein, and fats. Vitamin C is found in most citrus fruits and green vegetables and is a strong antioxidant.

Vitamin D- The fast soluble vitamin D is perhaps the most underrated nutrient that is produced when sunlight touches the skin. But it is extremely vital for bone health, as without it the body cannot absorb the calcium that you may provide it in the form of supplements. With the advent of beauty products with high sun protection factor, this nutrient is becoming less available to our bodies. Even weaker sunscreens with just SPF-8 prevent the body considerably from producing vitamin D. Diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, certain cancers, multiple sclerosis, and even schizophrenia may stem from deficiency of this vitamin. You can provide vitamin D to your body through supplements and foods like mushrooms, tuna, eggs, dark green leafy vegetables, salmon, sardines, mackerel, fortified dairy products and cereals, yoghurt, and milk.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that is known for protecting the tissues of the body from damage caused by free radicals.