Caffeine- The bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid caffeine is found in tea, coffee, soft drinks, chocolates, pain relievers, and a variety of over the counter medications. It is a psychoactive stimulant drug that causes increased alertness by stimulating the central nervous system. For the same reason, many people feel more energetic after consuming it. It even elevates the mood but these effects do not last for long. The effects of caffeine usually last for about five to six hours, though caffeine sensitivity varies from person to person. It has been found that people who consume lot of caffeine on a daily basis soon develop less sensitivity and may need to increase their intake to enjoy the same effect. Being a diuretic, a person consuming caffeine may have to urinate more often.

Cellulose is the structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae and the oomycetes. Cellulose is not digestible by humans and is often referred to as 'dietary fiber' or 'roughage', acting as a hydrophilic bulking agent for feces.

Dextrin- Hydrolysis of starch helps in producing a group of low molecular weight carbohydrate. This is group of carbohydrates is known as Dextrin. The fermentation of starch during the malting and mashing processes also helps in producing dextrin. Flavor, crispness and color in bread are all due to the dextrin formed during the process of baking. Dextrin is widely used in different forms and for different purposes. Envelope adhesive and paper tubes are made from yellow dextrin in the form of water soluble glues. It is used as addictive in froth flotation in the mining industry. It is also used as green strength addictive for sand casting in the foundry industry. Textile industry uses white dextrin to increase the weight and stiffness of textile fabrics. White dextrin can also be used in the pharmaceutical and paper coating formulations for the purpose of thickening and binding.

Dextrose, also known as Glucose is a type of sugar. It is the main sugar that the body manufactures. The body makes glucose from all three elements of food, protein, fat and carbohydrates, but in largest part from carbohydrates. Glucose serves as the major source of energy for living cells. It is carried to each cell through the bloodstream.

Di-Calcium Phosphate, also known as calcium monohydrogen phosphate is usually found as a hihydrate. However being a dibasic calcium phosphate, it can thermally be converted to its anhydroius form. Dicalcium phosphate is generally mined from the earth’s crust and may also be known as lime, calcium lime etc. However since di-calcium phosphate is incapable of breaking down completely, it is a poor source of replacing calcium in the bones. Since it contains calcium, Di-calcium phosphate will dissolve in the stomach acid (HCL). However since it is bound to phosphate, it will not be completely soluble. This results in partial dissolution and is insufficient for proper metabolism. This calcium from the di-calcium phosphate could collect in the arteries causing arteriosclerotic heart disease, or it could end up in the tissue making the skin age prematurely etc.

Lecithin is needed by every cell in the body and is a key building block of cell membranes; without it, they would harden. Lecithin protects cells from oxidation and largely comprises the protective sheaths surrounding the brain. It is composed mostly of B vitamins, phosphoric acid, choline, linoleic acid and inositol. Although it is a fatty substance, it is also a fat emulsifier.

Magnesium is essential to all living cells and is a vital component to a healthy diet. Calcium absorption for the body largely depends on magnesium to facilitate this.

Magnesium Stearate is coommonly used as a filling agent in the manufacture of capsules and tablets, such as vitamins, the source of this ingredient is typically bovine. However, there is an increasing number of vegetarian options in which the product specifically indicates it contains magnesium stearate from vegetable sources.

Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide that is used as a food additive. It is produced from starch and is usually found as a creamy-white hygroscopic powder. Maltodextrin is easily digestible, being absorbed as rapidly as glucose. Maltodextrin is a fast digesting insulin spiking complex carb.

Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose, also known as cellulose gum, is a food additive that is is commonly used in dairy based foods and deserts. It may also be used as an bulking agent, emulsifier. stabilizer and/or a thickener.

Sodium Citrate is a salt associated with critic acid. It occurs naturally in a variety of foods, including many fruits. It is also an intermediate product of aerobic metabolism in the human body. When consumed in food or produced in the body, sodium citrate quickly degrades into sodium bicarbonate, which functions as an acid buffer. Some studies suggest that taking sodium citrate as a dietary supplement before high-intensity exercise delays fatigue by increasing the availability of sodium bicarbonate in the muscles.

Stearic Acid is a saturated fatty acid that occurs in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is useful as an ingredient in making candles, soaps, plastics, oil pastels and cosmetics, and for softening rubber. Stearic acid is used to harden soaps, particularly those made with vegetable oil. Even though stearic acid is a saturated fat, studies have suggested that it has little effect on blood cholesterol levels, because such a high proportion is converted to oleic acid.

Synephrine is used in some products. It is also called oxedrine, and is an aromatic compound with a hydroxyl group at the para position of its benzene ring. It is derived from the fruit of Citrus aurantium, and can be taken orally or by injection. Its pharmacology is not extensively studied, but some health benefits are associated to it. It is believed to burn fat and help in weight loss. It also increases the metabolic rate and energy level. Further research might indicate more benefits of the product.